UPHELD — Technical MVP Scope

Insurance AI platform that automatically fights claim denials

Document Type: Technical Planning Date: February 22, 2026 Author: Max
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TL;DR

This document scopes the MVP for both revenue models side-by-side. The core product (FHIR auth → denial detection → appeal generation → dashboard) is identical regardless of how UPHELD charges. The key differences are in payment infrastructure, outcome tracking, and legal risk profile. This document provides everything Gin needs to choose a revenue model and begin building.

1. Core MVP Features (Shared)

1.1 User Onboarding (FHIR Auth) Medium-High

What it does: Patient authorizes UPHELD to access their insurance data via SMART on FHIR OAuth 2.0

Tech required: OAuth 2.0 client implementation, FHIR server connection, patient identity matching

Data source: FHIR Authorization Server (payer-specific or Flexpa unified API)

1.2 Denial Detection Medium

What it does: Poll EOB endpoints, identify claims with status="denied", extract denial reason codes

Tech required: FHIR EOB resource parsing, denial reason code mapping, change detection / polling

Data source: FHIR ExplanationOfBenefit resource

1.3 Appeal Document Generation (AI) Medium

What it does: Generate personalized appeal letter based on denial reason, policy language, medical necessity

Tech required: LLM integration (GPT-4 or Claude), prompt engineering with denial context, template library

Data source: FHIR EOB (denial details) + policy language database + medical necessity templates

1.4 Status Tracking Low

What it does: Track appeal status from filing to resolution; update when EOB status changes

Tech required: Database to store appeal records, periodic EOB re-fetch to detect status changes

Data source: FHIR EOB (status field), user-reported outcomes

1.5 User Dashboard Low-Medium

What it shows: List of denials found, appeal status for each, outcome history, summary metrics

Tech required: Frontend React/Next.js dashboard, API endpoints for denial/appeal data

Data source: Internal database + FHIR EOB

Shared MVP Build Complexity Summary

FeatureComplexityEstimated Effort
FHIR Auth FlowMedium-High2–3 weeks
Denial DetectionMedium1–2 weeks
Appeal GenerationMedium2–3 weeks
Status TrackingLow1 week
DashboardLow-Medium1–2 weeks
Total (Shared Core)7–12 weeks

2. Model A: Contingency Fee — How MVP Differs

2.1 Payment Trigger

User's appeal succeeds → insurance pays/adjusts → UPHELD takes X% (typically 10-30%). Detection via FHIR EOB status change from "denied" to "paid".

2.2 Tracking Infrastructure

ComponentPurposeComplexity
Recovery detectionMonitor EOB for status change to "paid"Medium
Amount calculationExtract payment amount from EOBMedium
Settlement trackingRecord each recovery, fee due, payment statusMedium
Payout mechanismStripe Connect or manual invoicingMedium

2.3 Legal Risk Additions

⚠️ Critical Legal Risk

2.4 Build Complexity Delta

AdditionComplexityEffort
Recovery detection logicMedium1–2 weeks
Fee calculation + payoutMedium1–2 weeks
UI for fee disclosure + settlementLow-Medium1 week
Legal disclaimers + ToSLow1 week
Total additional effort3–6 weeks

Total MVP with Contingency: 10–18 weeks

3. Model B: Flat Fee Subscription — How MVP Differs

3.1 Payment Flow

User subscribes → monthly/annual charge via Stripe → UPHELD monitors + appeals. Suggested pricing: $9–29/month or $99–299/year.

3.2 User Experience

3.3 Legal Risk Profile

RiskLevelNotes
UPL for generating appealsMediumDocument prep defense
UPL for subscription feeLowFee is for service, not outcome
Auto-submissionHighStill requires user review + submit

3.4 Build Complexity Delta

AdditionComplexityEffort
Stripe Subscription integrationMedium1–2 weeks
Pricing page + plans UILow1 week
Subscription lifecycleLow-Medium1 week
Free/paid tier gatingLow1 week
Total additional effort3–5 weeks

Total MVP with Flat Fee: 10–17 weeks

4. Decision Matrix for Gin

FactorContingency (Model A)Flat Fee (Model B)Winner
Revenue ceilingHigh — $52K/1K usersMedium — $23K/1K usersContingency
Legal riskHighMediumFlat Fee
Build complexity+3–6 weeks+3–5 weeksFlat Fee
Time to first dollarLonger — wait for winsFaster — subscribe nowFlat Fee
Unit economicsHigh LTV, lumpyPredictable MRRTie
Investor appealHigher ceiling, but legal red flagsCleaner story, validatedFlat Fee
Competitive positioningUnique — no competitor uses itNormalizedContingency
Operational burdenHigher — track outcomesLower — standard SaaSFlat Fee

🎯 Recommendation

Flat Fee (Model B) — Cleaner legal posture, faster to first dollar, all competitors use this model, investor-acceptable. Contingency is higher ceiling but introduces legal tail risk that could kill the company.

5. Build Stack Recommendation

LayerRecommendationMonthly Cost (MVP)
Frontend/BackendNext.js on Vercel$0–25/mo
DatabaseSupabase (PostgreSQL)$0/mo
AuthClerk$0–25/mo
FHIRFlexpa Essential ($65K/yr) OR Direct (Humana)$5,417/mo OR $0
AI/LLMOpenAI GPT-4o$50–200/mo
PaymentStripe2.9% + $0.30
Total$55–270/mo + fees

Recommendation: Direct First, Flexpa Later

Start with direct FHIR integration to Humana (free, best devx per research) to validate product, then upgrade to Flexpa ($65K/year) when revenue justifies it.

6. MVP Timeline

PhaseWeeksTasks
Phase 1: Foundation1–4Project setup, FHIR OAuth, EOB pull, denial detection
Phase 2: Core Product5–8Appeal generation LLM, dashboard, user testing
Phase 3: Payment + Launch9–10Stripe integration, landing page, beta launch

Total: 10–11 weeks (Flat Fee slightly faster)

7. Gin Decides — Exact Decisions Needed

Decision 1: Revenue Model (CRITICAL)

Choose between Contingency Fee (Model A) or Flat Fee Subscription (Model B) based on tradeoffs in Section 4.

Decision 2: FHIR Integration Path

Flexpa Essential ($65K/yr) for 3 payers fast, OR Direct (Humana first) for free but slower. Recommend: Direct first, Flexpa later.

Decision 3: Pricing Tier

If Flat Fee, choose: $9/mo (budget), $19/mo (mid-tier), or $29/mo (premium). Recommend: $19/mo.

Decision 4: Free Tier Strategy

Offer free tier with limited features (denial detection + alerts) or paid only? Recommend: Free tier drives adoption.

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